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A good interpreter is an invisible interpreter

In the interpreting booths of the Yugoslavia Tribunal, neutrality was the job. Even for those translators whose lives had been ruined by the men whose words they were rendering.

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The Yugoslav Wars were Europe’s deadliest conflicts since World War II: nearly a decade of fighting, more than 130.000 dead. In 1993, amid the atrocities, the United Nations Security Council adopted Resolution 808, establishing the Yugoslavia Tribunal, the first war crimes court ever created by the UN. It would take 24 years and more than 10.800 trial days to bring its 161 indictees to justice.

Journalist Jorie Horsthuis and photographer Martino Lombezzi have been reporting on the Balkans since the early 2000s. For Resolution 808: Inside the Yugoslavia Tribunal, they followed the court from within. In words and images they documented the people, places and objects at the heart of the trials, gaining access to an institution that kept its doors closed for many years, and capturing voices and accounts that might otherwise have gone unheard. Their work appears as a book and a series of exhibitions.

Here we publish a chapter from Resolution 808: Inside the Yugoslavia Tribunal, published by The Eriskay Connection, written by Horsthuis, alongside the photography of Lombezzi. It is the story of the Tribunal’s translators and interpreters: the people through whom every word of testimony had to pass.


« I am General Ratko Mladić, » says a friendly female voice through Judge Alphons Orie’s headphones on the 3rd of June, 2011. « I was born on Easter Monday, in 1943. » As the Bosnian Serb introduces himself in his native language, the interpreter repeats his words almost simultaneously in English. The tension is palpable: this is the first day of the trial against the former general, who is held responsible, amongst other things, for the ethnic cleansing of Bosnian Muslims in Srebrenica. He has been on the run for years, until finally being caught and transferred to The Hague. As soon as the judge reads out the charges against him, Mladić becomes agitated. Now the interpreter’s voice rises too. « Mr Orie, I would like to receive a copy of the text you have just read out, containing those unpleasant accusations, » says the woman’s voice. « I have never heard such monstrous words. » 

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